2015年职称英语考试《综合B》考试真题答案（完整版）

第1页：阅读理解：第一篇 ;第二篇

第2页：阅读理解：第三篇;补全短文

　第一篇

Why Buy Shade-Grown Coffee?

When people argue about whether coffee is good for health, they're usually thinking of the health of the coffee drinker. Is it food for your heart? Does it increase blood pressure? Does it help you concentrate? However, coffee affects the health of the human population in other ways, too.

Traditionally, coffee bushes were planted under the canopy(树冠)of taller indigenous(土生土长的)trees. However, more and more farmers in Latin America are deforesting the land to grow full-sun coffees. At first, this increases production because more coffee bushes can be planted if there aren’t any trees. With increased production come increased profits.

Unfortunately, deforesting for coffee production immediately decreases local-wildlife habitat. Native birds nest and hide from predators(捕食者)in the tall trees and migrating birds rest there.

Furthermore, in the long term, the full-sun method also damages the ecosystem because more chemical fertilizers and pesticides are needed to grow the coffee. The fertilizers and pesticides kill insects that eat coffee plant, but then the birds eat the poisoned insects and also die. The chemicals kill or sicken other animals as well, and can even enter the water that people will eventually drink.

Fortunately, farmers in Central and South America are beginning to grow more coffee bushes in the shade. We can support these farmers by buying coffee with such labels as "shade grown" and "bird friendly." Sure, these varieties might cost a little more. But we're paying for the health of the birds, the land, ourselves, and the planet. I think it's worth it.

31、What is the main idea of this passage?

A. Farmers are changing the way they grow coffee

B. Coffee is becoming more expensive to produce.

C. People should buy shade-grown coffee.

D. Shade-grown coffee is more expensive than sun-grown coffee.

【答案】A

32、The function of the word “traditionally” in Paragraph 2 is to show

A. the positive effects of coffee.

B. a change of coffee growth.

C. how coffee production used to be.

D. something that is most important.

【答案】B

33、What does increased production of full-sun coffee bring about?

A. More insects.

B. Better quantity coffee.

C. larger farms.

D. Higher profits.

【答案】D

34、How do farmers find more land for growing full-sun coffee?

A. They buy more land from other farmers.

B. They move to another country.

C. they cut down trees.

D. They turn grassland to farmland

【答案】C

35、The full-sun method may affect the following EXCEPT

cts

B. birds

C. humans

D. air

【答案】D

第二篇　原文出处概括大意第十篇Washoe learned American Sign language.

Washoe Learned American Sign Language

An animal that influenced scientific thought has died.A chimpanzee named Washoe and born in Africa died of natural causes late last month at the age of 42 at a research center in the American state of oe had become known in the scientific community and around the world for her ability to use American Sign was said to be the first non-human to learn a human skills also led to debate about primates and their ability to understand language.

Research scientists Allen and Beatrix Gardner began teaching Washoe sign language in 1969,the Gardners described Washoe's progress in a scientific people who experimented with Washoe said she grew to understand about 250 example,Washoe made signs to communicate when it was time to could request foods like apples and also asked questions like,"Who is coming to play?" Once the news about Washoe spread,many language scientists began studies of their own into this new and exciting area of whole direction of primate research changed.

However,critics argued Washoe only learned to repeat sign language movements from watching her said she had never developed true language now,there are some researchers who suggest that primates learn sign language only by memory,and perform the signs only for Washoe's keepers r Fouts is a former student of the took Washoe to a research center in Ellensburg,e,Washoe taught sign language to three younger chimpanzees,which are still alive.

Scientists like private researcher Jane Goodall believe Washoer provided new information about the mental workings of y,there are not as many scientists studying language skills with of the reason is that this kind of research takes a very long time.

Debate continues about chimps understanding of human ,one thing is sure-Washoe changed popular ideas about the possibilities of animal intelligence.