阅读中的倒装英语四级高级语法 - 校园

倒装分为全部倒装和部分倒装。

全部倒装：

①当首句为方位或时间副词，谓语动词为go，come等时通常用全部倒装。

② 如果句首出现了地点状语，句子也可以进行全部倒装。

③ 当句子当中出现分词结构的时候，可以把现在分词或过去分词和地点状语联系在一起放在句首，把be 动词留在中间当作谓语动词，主语放在后面。

部分倒装：

1、当句首状语为否定词或带有否定意义的词语时，这个句子就需要部分倒装。

2、当句首为only加状语的时候，这个句子需要部分倒装。

3、结构中的so位于句首时，常引起部分倒装。

4、句子开头的as 处在第二个单词的位置上，表示虽然的意思。

5、常见的固定搭配结构中需要用倒装的情况。

....; scarcely ..... ;no .....：

hardly，scarcely，no sooner 后面一定要用过去完成时，when 后面用一般过去时;the more more... 越....越.... ;

实例练习(1)

1.直到他完成使命(Not until he had fufilled/finished his mission)did he realize that he was seriously ill. (08.06)

2. The witness was told that under no circumstance ( should he lie to the court ) 他都不应该对法庭撒谎。(07.12)

3. Only in the small town( does he feel secure and relaxed) 他才感觉安全和放松。he feels secure and relaxed. (07.6)

4. Not only ( did he charge me too much ) 他向我收费过高, but he didn't do a good repair job either. (06.6)

5. Only after I found out the truth( did I realize (that) he was innocent ) 我才意识到他是无辜的。

6. Not until the game had begun ( did he arrive at the sports ground )他才到达运动场。

阅读中的倒装：

1. Among the report are more outrageous(令人无法容忍的)findings - a Geman fertilizer described itself as "earthworm-friendly", a brand of flour said it was " non- polluting", and a British toilet paper claimed to be "environmentally friendlier".(05.06阅读)

该报道当中，有很多让人无法忍受的发现，如：一种德国肥料被描绘成“对蚯蚓无害”;一种新的品牌的面粉写道“没有任何污染”;还有一家英国公司的卫生纸被宣称为“环保者”。

2. Then one day a few years ago, out of my mouth came a sentence that would eventually become me reply to any and all provocations: I don't talk about that anymore.(07.06阅读)

几年前的一天，我说了一句话并最终成为我对任何和全部挑衅的回答：关于那个问题我再也不讨论了。

3. Deeply involved with this new technology is a breed of modern business people who have a growing respect for the economic value of doing business abroad. (03.01阅读)

与新技术息息相关的是一些现代商人，他们日益看重国外生意的经济价值。

实例练习(2)

1. Reaching new peaks of popularity in North America is Iceberg Water, which is harvested from icebergs off the coast of Newfoundland, Canada.(06.12阅读)

萃取自加拿大纽芬兰沿岸冰山的“冰水”在北美的`受欢迎程度一再创出新高。

阅读当中遇到的句型：

一般情况下开始出现了地点状语或者是分词引导的一个状语结构，中间出现了谓语动词，后面出现一个主语，主语后面接上一些限定(包括从句、补充说明等)，这种形式就是出现的全部倒装的形式。

2. Not only has the highway systerm affected the American economy by providing shipping routs, it has led to the growth of spin-off industries like service stations, motels, restaurants, and shopping centers/malls. (0606阅读)

公路系统不但为美国经济的发展提供了运输路线，还带动了一批诸如加油站、汽车旅馆、酒店、购物中心等相关行业的发展。

3. Only when it's gone do you wish you've done more to protect it.(0806阅读)

当你失去的时候，你才会希望自己原来能够多做点事情以保护好它。

only后面必须接状语的时候，句子才可以部分倒装。 eg. Only you can do this job.

4. Not only do we evaluate the cause of the pain, which can help us treat the pain better, but we also help provide comprehensive therapy for deprssion and other psychological and social issues related to chronic pain.(0706阅读)

我们不仅要找出疼痛的病因，帮助我们更好地治疗;还要提供综合疗法，治疗与慢性疼痛相关的抑郁症和其他心理与社交问题。

5. Had I not attended this workshop, I would have automatically assumed the man was the best candidate because the position required quite a bit of extensive travel.(0906阅读)

如果我不是参加了这次讲习班，我肯定会不由自主地认为那位男士候选人更合适，因为我们这个空缺的岗位需要频繁出差。

6. It is said that never before has man been so highly successful in his attempts to modify the weather on a very small scale.

据说人们从来没有过这么大的成功尝试用这么小的规模去描述气候。

英语四级的文章" target="_blank" >英语四级高级语法讲解：部分倒装

部分倒装的形式: 主谓宾保持原来的形式，谓语动词的助动词放到主语的前面。

1、当句首状语为否定词或带有否定意义的词语时，这个句子就需要部分倒装

这类词语有hardly, scarcely, rarely, seldom, never, few,little, less, at no time, by no means, in no case, under no circumstance, in no way,on no account, on no consideration, no longer, not only等。

eg. He never smokes. 他从来不抽烟。

Never does he smoke. eg. Not only did the customer complain about the food, he also refused to pay for it. 这位顾客不仅仅抱怨食物不好，还拒绝付费。

eg. 在任何情况下我都不会相信你。Under no circumstance do I trust you.

2、当句首为only加状语的时候，这个句子需要部分倒装。

eg. Only with you can I feel happy. eg. 只有当你来了这，我们才可以开始会议。

Only when you come, can we start the meeting.

3、结构中的so位于句首时，常引起部分倒装

eg. He runs so fast that I can't catch up with him. 他跑得实在是太快了，以致于我都没有办法追上他。

So fast does he run that I can't catch up with him.

eg. The moon was so bright that the flowers bright as by day. 皓月当空，花朵就像白天那样的鲜艳。

So bright was the moon that the flowers bright as by day.

4、句子开头的as 处在第二个单词的位置上，表示虽然的意思。

eg. Although I am young, I can live by myself. 虽然我很小但是我却能养活自己了。

Young as I am, I can live by myself.

eg. Although she is a girl, she can support the hole family. 虽然她是个女孩，但是她却可以养活整个家庭的人。

Girl as she is, she can support the hole family.

eg. Although I like music very much,.... Much as I like music,.....

5、常见的固定搭配结构中需要用倒装的情况。

.... 一......就...... scarcely .....

hardly，scarcely 后面一定要用过去完成时，when 后面用一般过去时。

eg. Hardly had he seen me when he ran away. 他一看到我就跑开了。

eg. Hardly had the baby cried when his mother rushed to carry him. 婴儿一哭，他妈妈就跑去抱他。

no ..... 一......就......

no sooner 后面一定要用过去完成时，than 的后面用一般过去时。

eg. No sooner had they reached home than it rained more and more heavily. 他们一到家，雨就越下越大起来。

the more more... 越....越....

eg. The harder you work, the happier you feel. 你工作越努力，就越觉得快乐。

英语语法倒装句知识点：完全倒装的四种类型

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完全倒装的基本形式是“谓语+主语”，主要涉及以下几种类型：

一、here类

当表示地点的here和 there位于句首时，其后用完全倒装形式。这类倒装句的谓语通常是动词be和come, go等表示移动或动态的不及物动词。如：

Here’s Tom. 汤姆在这里。

There’s Jim. 吉姆在那儿。

Here comes the bus. 公共汽车来了。

There goes the bell. 铃响了。

There goes the last train. 最后一班火车开走了。

这类倒装句的主语只能是名词，若主语为代词，则不能倒装。如：

Here it comes. 它来了。

二、away类

副词away, down, in, off, out, over, round, up 等位于句首时，其后也用完全倒装语序。这类倒装句的谓语通常表示动态的不及物动词。如：

Away went the runners. 赛跑选手们跑远了。

Round and round flew the plane. 飞机盘旋着。

The door opened and in came Mr Smith. 门开了，史密斯先生进了来。

Down came the rain and up went the umbrellas. 下雨了，伞都撑起来了。

这类倒装句的主语也只能是名词，若主语为代词，则不用倒装。如：

Away he went. 他跑远了。

Down it came. 它掉了下来。

三、状语或表语类

为了保持句子平衡或使上下文衔接紧密，有时可将状语或表语置于句首，句中主语和谓语完全倒装。如：

Among these people was his friend Jim. 他的朋友吉姆就在这些人当中。

By the window sat a young man with a magazine in his hand. 窗户边坐着一个年轻人，手里拿着一本杂志。

在表语置于句首的这类倒装结构中，要注意其中的谓语应与其后的主语保持一致，而不是与位于句首的表语保持一致。比较：

In the box was a cat. 箱子里是一只猫。

In the box were some cats. 箱子里是一些猫。

四、非谓语动词类

有时为了强调，可将谓语部分的现在分词、过去分词或不定式置于句首，从而构成倒装。如：

Standing beside the table was his wife. 站在桌旁的是他的妻子。

Buried in the sands was an ancient village. 一个古老的村庄被埋在这沙土之中。

To be carefully considered are the following questions. 下列问题要仔细考虑。

英语语法倒装句知识点：让步倒装中的名词前冠词的使用问题

由as(虽然)引导让步状语从句，通常只用倒装形式;若倒装后用于句首的是名词，则该名词前不用冠词。如：

Boy as he is, he likes to play with girls.

他虽是个男孩，但却喜欢与女孩子玩。

Teacher as Michael is, he is not capable of teaching all subjects.

迈克虽是老师，但他也不能教所有的科目。

即使名词前带有形容词修饰语其前也不用冠词。如：

Big puzzle as it was, it hadn’t got the better of Jim.

虽然是个大难题，但仍没有难倒吉姆。

Strong man as he is, General Botha has been severely put to the test during the past few weeks.

波赛将军虽然坚强，在过去的数周里也受到了严重的考验。

注：though引导让步状语从句时，可以用倒装形式，也可以不用倒装形式。假若使用倒装语序，同样也不能在置于句首的名词前使用冠词。如：

Hero as [though] he was, he shuddered at the sight.

他虽是英雄，但见到这样的情景也不寒而栗。

英语语法倒装句知识点：倒装句中的主谓一致

在“副词here, there, now, then, up, down, in, out, away等、作状语或表语的介词短语或分词短语+谓语动词+主语”的倒装结构中，谓语动词的数由动词后面的主语决定。如：

On the wall hang two maps. 墙上挂着两张地图。

On the wall hangs a world of map. 墙上挂着一张世界地图。

Here is your coat. 这是你的外套。

Here are your running-shoes. 这是你的跑鞋。

Such is the result. 结果就是这样。

Such are the results. 这就是结果。

英语语法倒装句知识点：四种容易忽视的倒装

1. as引导让步状语从句时的倒装

as作“虽然”解，引导让步状语从句时，必须将表语、状语或动词原形提到as前面。此时，要注意两点：①若提前的表语是没有形容词修饰的单数可数名词，要省略不定冠词;②若提前的是动词原形(多为不及物动词)，与之连用的通常是may, might, will, would等，且这些词都要保留在原来的位置上(主语后);③though有时也可像as这样使作倒装。如：

Child as he is, he knows a lot.

虽然他是小孩，但却很懂了。

Much as I like you, I couldn’t live with you.

虽然我很喜欢你，但我不能和你一起生活。

Try as he might, he couldn’t open the door.

虽然他试过几次，但仍不能把门打开。

2. Such is life之类的倒装

这类句子中的 such 其实为表语，真正的主语是其后的 life。如：

Such is his nature. 他的本性就这样。

Such were his words. 这就是他所说的话。

3. 表示祝愿的句子的倒装

May you succeed! 祝你成功!

Long live the People’s Republic of China! 中华人民共和国万岁!

4. 以频度副词开头引出的倒装

以always, usually, often, now and then, many a time, every day等频度副词位于句首，且表示强调时，用部分倒装;但若不强调时，也可不用倒装。如：

Often did we warn him not to do so. 我曾常常警告他不要那样做。

Often he walked. 他过去经常步行。

Then did I throw myself into a chair, exhausted.

这时我累得一下就坐在椅子上了。

Then I went back to my own room. 于是我回到自己的房间去。